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Each guide answers one question first, then shows the steps, with its sources and the date it was checked.

Tools and templates

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  • Copy, fill in and send: ask for an itemized bill, apply for financial assistance, answer a collector.
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Words on your bill

Billing words, in plain language. Each one links to its full entry.

  • 124terms
Explanation of benefits
A statement from your health plan showing what a provider billed, what the plan allowed and paid, and what you may owe. It is not a bill. Compare it with the provider's bill before you pay.
Deductible
The amount you pay for covered care in a plan year before your health plan starts to pay its share.
Charity care
Free or discounted care a hospital gives to patients who cannot afford their bills, under its financial assistance policy. Nonprofit hospitals must have such a policy, and some states set income levels that hospitals must cover.
Itemized bill
A bill that lists every charge on its own line, with the date of service, the billing code, a description, the quantity and the price. Ask for one before you pay.
Collection agency
A company that collects unpaid bills for someone else, such as a hospital. Federal debt collection rules cover collection agencies, and they must tell you how to dispute a debt.
Good faith estimate
A written estimate of expected charges that uninsured or self-pay patients can usually get before scheduled care, or when they ask. If the final bill is far above it, you may be able to dispute the bill.

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